Modern physics encompasses the theories and concepts developed in the 20th century to describe phenomena beyond the scope of classical physics. It includes two major pillars: quantum mechanics and relativity. Quantum mechanics revolutionized our understanding of the microscopic world, introducing principles such as quantization, wave-particle duality, and probabilistic behavior. It provides a framework for understanding atomic and subatomic processes, including the behavior of electrons in atoms and the interaction of particles in particle accelerators. Relativity, on the other hand, redefined our understanding of space and time, particularly in the realm of high speeds and strong gravitational fields. Special relativity deals with the behavior of objects moving at relativistic speeds, while general relativity describes gravity as the curvature of spacetime caused by mass and energy. Together, these theories form the foundation of modern physics and have profound implications for our understanding of the universe.
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